Exploring the Presence of microDNAs in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines, Tissue, and Sera of Prostate Cancer Patients and its Possible Application as Biomarker

Abstract

MicroDNAs are extra chromosomal circular DNA present in normal mammalian somatic cells. To find the prostate tissue-specific microDNA a panel of human prostrate (LnCap (PSA, hK2 and AR positive), C4-2, and PC-3 (non-tranformed prostate epithelium)) and ovarian (ES2 and OVCAR-8) cancer cell lines were examined for microDNA. The identified microDNAs in all the cell lines were mostly approximately 200bp or approximately 400bp in size, arising from the GC rich regions in the genome, and mostly mapped to genic regions and are not associated with repetitive DNA sequences. MicroDNA are enriched in area of genome that had high exon density suggesting a role of splicing in microDNA generation. Comparison of microDNA loci across the cell lines identified hot spots of microDNA generation that are present on every chromosome, and correspond to areas of high gene density and high GC content. However, hierarchical clustering on the basis of microDNA co-ordinates classified the prostate and ovarian cancer cell lines into two separate groups suggesting that at least some microDNAs are tissue-specific and so their sites of origin are affected by tissue-specific gene expression patterns or epigenetic marks. The microDNA was also observed in mouse serum and cancer patient which suggest that microDNA could be surveyed for biomarker for cancer detection in future large study.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 2016
Accession Number
ADA637015

Entities

People

  • Pankaj Kumar

Organizations

  • University of Virginia

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Cancer
  • Cell Line
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Chromosomes
  • Fungi
  • Gene Expression
  • Genetic Code
  • Genetic Structures
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genetics
  • Health Services
  • Neoplasms
  • Oncology
  • Ovarian Cancer
  • Stem Cells
  • Tissues

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Aerial Delivery - Logistics and Supply Chain Management.
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Prostate Cancer Biology.