Modeling of Water-Breathing Propulsion Systems Utilizing the Aluminum-Seawater Reaction and Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells

Abstract

This thesis investigates the use of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to consume waste hydrogen and improve the overall performance of a Hybrid Aluminum Combustor (HAC): a novel underwater power system based on the exothermic reaction of aluminum with seawater. The system is modeled using a NASA-developed framework called Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS) by assembling thermodynamic models developed for each component. Results show that incorporating the SOFC is not beneficial in cases where venting hydrogen overboard is permissible. However, when venting hydrogen is not permissible - which is the situation for most missions - the HAC-SOFC provides a 5 to 7 fold increase in range/endurance compared to equivalent battery powered systems. The utility of NPSS was demonstrated for evaluating and optimizing underwater propulsion system performance. Methodologies for predicting how system volume and mass scale with power were also developed to enable prediction of power and energy density.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA637186

Entities

People

  • Daniel F. Waters

Organizations

  • University of Maryland

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aluminum Oxides
  • Cells
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Combustion
  • Energy
  • Energy Storage
  • Exothermic Reactions
  • Fuel Cells
  • Heat Capacity
  • Heat Transfer
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Specific Heat
  • Thermodynamics
  • Turbines
  • Unmanned Underwater Vehicles

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electrochemical Engineering/ Fuel Cell Technologies

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology