Aluminum Cluster-Based Materials for Propulsion and Other Applications

Abstract

The key objective of our work has been to study the interaction of aluminum and aluminum based clusters with organic templates, with oxygen and water, and develop protocols that would enable the synthesis of cluster assembled materials based on reactive and non-reactive motifs. Our studies on the reactivity of aluminum clusters with propene showed that the reactivity was related to the location of the unoccupied molecular orbital and that clusters like AI12, Al15-, Al18-, and AI21- can readily bind to propene and hence may be suitable building blocks to generate such materials. For AI13, a superhalogen superatom discovered by us, our studies showed that an ionic assembly composed of AI13 and super-alkali K3O is stable and ideal to generate an ionic solid. Through synergistic efforts combining theoretical studies in my group and experiments in A. W. Castleman's (AWC) group at PSU, we identified AI4H7- as a very stable species that is resistant to oxygen and ideal building blocks for cluster materials. We also showed that the reactive aluminum clusters can be made less reactive by adding H atoms as it changes the spin state of the system. We also established general protocols for using the findings on free clusters to generate cluster assembled materials and in collaboration with experimental groups, synthesized a cluster solid of AS7K3 species through a directed chemical synthesis. Recently, in a synergistic efforts combining experiments in AWC group at PSU, we have discovered an unusual size dependent reactivity of aluminum cluster anions with water, in that AI16, AI17, and Al18 are found to produce hydrogen through processes linked to their geometries. The studies provide a new Approach to synthesize hydrogen from water, on demand, and have just been published in SCIENCE. We believe that these developments are important towards cluster based materials for propulsion and nano-energetic applications.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 31, 2009
Accession Number
ADA640103

Entities

People

  • Shiv N Khanna

Organizations

  • Virginia Commonwealth University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aluminum
  • Atoms
  • Charge Density
  • Chemical Properties
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Contracts
  • Elements
  • Geometry
  • Ground State
  • Instructions
  • Ionic Bonds
  • Ionization Potentials
  • Mass Spectra
  • Materials
  • Reactivities

Readers

  • Nanocomposite Materials Science
  • Quantum Chemistry

Technology Areas

  • Space