Operation of Stabilization Ponds in a Tropical Area
Abstract
This study's objective is to provide operating parameters for design of stabilization ponds in tropic areas. Such ponds have the potential to provide a relatively easy to prepare, simple to operate and maintain, method of partial secondary wastewater treatment at low cost. Such ponds are widely used, however, tropical sunlight and temperature conditions are considered primary advantages for an environment for which to better develop design data. The contract effort consisted of a series of phases studies. The first studies dealt with single ponds 4-6 ft. (1.25-1.87 m) deep. Subsequent studies involved the use of multiple ponds with anaerobic/aerobic modes of operation. Fort Clayton, CZ area wastewaters were used as influents. A three-pond system, operating in the order anaerobic pond, faculative pond and maturation pond, was the best in terms of removal. Such removals were: BOD5-75%; COD-60%, organic and ammonia nitrogen- 58%; E. coli - 91%. Orthophosphate and nitrate concentrations increased in this and most other configurations employed. A loading limit of 150 lb BOD5/acre/day (134 Kg BOD5/ha/day) was suggested. Multiple regression analysis was used to develop design effluent removals on the basis of influent content, influent- effluent flow, and meteorological considerations. Special studies were made on the survival of S. Typhi in a pond system, shock loadings of selected pesticides, mosquito control, and sludge build-up.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 1974
- Accession Number
- ADB015604
Entities
People
- George Reid
- Larry Canter
- Louis E. Eckley