Effects of Cold Weather upon Armored Combat Vehicles during the First Winter Campaign, Eastern Front, World War II

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of cold weather upon the mechanized forces of the German Army and the Soviet Red Army during the first winter campaign on the eastern front of World War II, October 1941 through March 1942. This thesis is concerned with the problems incurred by armored combat vehicles due to the winter elements (cold and snow), the solutions to those problems and the impact upon operations. The cold weather had the greatest adverse impact upon mechanized warfare during this campaign. The most significant problem caused by cold weather for both forces was the freezing of ACV lubricants, fuel, and antifreeze. Deep snow cover was a significant problem also. Its impact was to virtually negate German ACV off-road mobility. Due to design differences, the Soviet ACV's had relatively excellent mobility in deep snow. Simply stated, the cold effects impacted upon getting the vehicle, or the system, into operation; on the other hand, the snow effect was upon how well the ACV could perform its intended function after it was operational. The winter conditions effectively precluded the Germans from being able to conduct operational maneuver, thus dictating a change in their strategy. The effect of the winter weather upon Soviet tactical operations was minimal.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 07, 1985
Accession Number
ADB099107

Entities

People

  • Bantz J. Craddock

Organizations

  • United States Army Command and General Staff College

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Human Systems
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Armored Personnel Carriers
  • Artillery
  • Artillery Fire
  • Combat Operations
  • Combat Support
  • Combat Vehicles
  • Contingency Operations (Military)
  • Employment
  • Fire Control Systems
  • Gun Support Equipment
  • Indirect Fire
  • Mechanics
  • Organizational Structure
  • Personnel Management
  • Second World War
  • Self Propelled Guns
  • Warfare

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • East Asian Political and Security Studies within the Soviet Union
  • Maritime Combat Support and Expeditionary Logistics.
  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.