Study of Potential Prophylactic and Antidotal Use of Scavenging Agents in Treatment of Cyanide Poisoning

Abstract

The purpose of this project was to investigate the effectiveness of pretreatment with potential cyanide antagonists in protecting against the lethal effects of cyanide. The primary methodology used was LD50 studies in mice. Some studies involving intravenous infusion were done using rats. The data indicate that alpha-ketoglutaric acid is the most potent single chemoprophylactic agent reported in the literature. When a combination of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and sodium thiosulfate was administered to animals prior to injection of cyanide, the LD50 increased 20 fold compared to that in animals given saline pretreatment. This combination of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and sodium thiosulfate produced a 2.9-fold greater increase in LD50 than did the classic combination of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate. Keywords: Chemotherapeutic agents; Toxins and antitoxins.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 15, 1984
Accession Number
ADB122469

Entities

People

  • Arthur S. Hume

Organizations

  • University of Mississippi Medical Center

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Amino Acids
  • Biomedical Research
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Confidence Limits
  • Cyanides
  • Cysteine
  • Dielectric Gases
  • Glutarates
  • Keto Acids
  • Lactones
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Pyruvic Acid
  • Sodium Compounds
  • Sulfur Compounds

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology/Environmental Toxicology