Multiple Animal Studies for Medical Chemical Defense Program in Soldier/ Patient Decontamination and Drug Development

Abstract

Exposure to sulfur mustard (HD) may introduce cross-linkages and breaks into DNA strands, which if not repaired, can results in cell death. Hypothetically, excessive activation of the DNA repair enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, following HD exposure results in the depletion of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a cofactor essential for maintaining cellular viability. To test this hypothesis, the influence of three poly(ADP- ribose) enzyme inhibitors; 3-aminobenzamide (3AB), nicotinamide (NIC), and nicotinic acid (NA) was examined on the lethality and hematologic effects of subcutaneously administered HD using male, CD-1 mice. Two subcutaneous HD challenge doses approximating either the LD30 (22.0 mg/kg) or LD60 (28.2 mg/kg) were administered to groups of mice receiving intraperitoneal doses of each enzyme inhibitor. Three different inhibitor dose levels were tested at different administration time combinations relative to the HD challenge. Only 3 AB exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) effect in lowering HD mortality. This effect did not, however, appear to be dose-dependent over the range tested and appeared to be dependent on the time of administration.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1988
Accession Number
ADB129563

Entities

People

  • Paul I. Feder
  • Ronald L. Joiner
  • Thomas H. Snider
  • W. B. Keys Jr.

Organizations

  • Battelle Memorial Institute

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Blood
  • Blood Cells
  • Bone Marrow
  • Cell Count
  • Cells
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Confidence Limits
  • Experimental Design
  • Granulocytes
  • Laboratory Animals
  • Leukocytes
  • Lymphatic System
  • Materials
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Medical Personnel
  • Metal Matrix Composites

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Geochemistry
  • Neurotoxicology

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Cancer Biotech