Percutaneous Absorption of Chemical Mixtures Relevant to the Gulf War
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to quantitate the dermal absorption and cutaneous toxicity of chemical mixtures that veterans may have been exposed to during the Persian Gulf War. The primary focus in the first year of this proposal has been on chemical mixtures composed of the insect repellent DEET and the insecticide permethrin exposed in various vehicles. Analytical methods for these penetrants have been developed. These studies were conducted using three in vitro systems of increasing biological complexity: inert silastic and dermatomed pig skin flow-through diffusion cells as well as the isolated perfused porcine skin flap (lPPSF). This allows physical chemical interactions to be separated from those involving the stratum comeum lipid barrier and from true physiological and metabolic effects. Secondly, assays for a number of cytokines (IL-8, TNFalpha, PGE-2) have been developed and utilized as biomarkers of direct toxic effects of these mixtures. These experiments have provided the basis for conducting experiments in the second year of this proposal designed to assess the effect of systemic pyridostigmine on DEET and permethrin absorption, and finally to assess the effects of other organophosphates, jet fuel or sulfur mustard on chemical absorption. Conducting these studies in all three model systems will allow the mechanisms of these interactions to be identified, and extrapolated to additional chemical mixture exposure scenarios.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Feb 01, 2000
- Accession Number
- ADB253401
Entities
People
- Jim B. Riviere
- Nancy Monteiro-riviere
- Ronald A. Baynes
Organizations
- North Carolina State University