Cholinergic Aspects of Cyanide Intoxication.

Abstract

The acute exposure of pentobarbital anesthetized dogs to cyanide leads to a rapid increase and sudden halt in respiration accompanied by cardiovascular irregularities and extreme bradycardia which ultimately lead to cardiac arrest and death. Cardiac irregularities and cardiac arrest in the presence of cyanide induced respiratory arrest are assumed to be due to anoxia and therefore unresponsive to cardiotonic agents. Pretreatment or treatment with atropine sulfate or methyl atropine nitrate provides a marked reduction in the cardiovascular irregularities, bradycardia and hypotension. The cyanide induced cardiovascular effect can also be prevented by bilateral vagotomy. An intramuscularly injected combination of 20 mg/kg sodium nitrite and 1 mg/kg of atropine sulfate ensured recovery of pentobarbital anesthetized dogs exposed to lethal concentrations (2.5 mg/kg i.v.) of sodium cyanide.

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 13, 1993
Accession Number
ADP008847

Entities

People

  • J. A. Vick
  • J. D. Von Bredow

Organizations

  • Walter Reed Army Institute of Research

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alkali Metals
  • Atropine
  • Cardiac Arrest
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Chemical Compounds
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • Elements
  • Group 1 Elements
  • Hypotension
  • Intoxication
  • Maryland
  • Metals
  • Recovery
  • Sodium
  • Sodium Compounds

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Chemistry
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology