System Engineering & Integration
Abstract
Systems Engineering and Integration (SE&I) continues to develop and improve the integrated Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) architectures, engineer major improvements to regional Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) capabilities, and provide system improvements that enable earlier Ballistic Missile Defense engagements and develops the BMDS level Models and Simulations (M&S) necessary to support BMDS testing and delivery to the War-fighter. SE&I develops technical roadmaps, knowledge points, and capability trades at the Ballistic Missile Defense System level to balance integration and improvement efforts. The SE&I workforce, including Industry and Contractor Support Services (CSS), also provides analysis, decision-making and planning activities for real-world operations to the White House, Joint Staff, Military Services, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Combatant Commanders (Military Utility Assessment), Operational Test Agencies, Director of Operational Test and Evaluation, Allies, and others. Systems Engineering and Integration is the single team that applies its technical expertise, tools, and facilities across many disciplines and specialties to lead the collaborative effort to define, design, test and integrate the Ballistic Missile Defense System. System Engineering and Integration (SE&I) Major Program Goals: -Develop, design, test and integrate the layered Ballistic Missile Defense System that provides the required Ballistic Missile Defense performance. -Develop a four-phased European Phased Adaptive Approach (EPAA) architecture and requirements to respond to the proliferation of short and medium range ballistic missiles, provide a more effective missile defense capability for U.S. deployed forces, allies, and partners in Europe, and enhanced homeland defense. -Provide system-level support to the Elements for definition, design, and integration of the Ballistic Missile Defense System capabilities -Provide technical direction to Element and Component developers and provide System-level forums to track, assess, and improve hardware and software reliability -Lead collaborative and cross-Element and cross-Component engineering -Verify and Assess through testing and Ballistic Missile Defense System performance and capabilities -Develop Ballistic Missile Defense System Performance Assessment parameters -Identify the Critical Engagement Conditions and data required to develop the test campaigns that will demonstrate regional defense performance, and verify and assess the capability of each Phased Adaptive Approach -Define the test objectives necessary to anchor Ballistic Missile Defense System-level models and simulations, enable independent verification and validation, and identify System issues occurring in ground and flight tests -Identify Ballistic Missile Defense System capabilities and limitations -Develop, manage and use BMDS level Modeling and Simulation (M&S) to verify BMDS performance in system operational regions outside the live fire testing regions. -Analyze Architecture Alternatives and New Technologies -Provide detailed analysis to support MDA leadership and US policy decisions -Pursue architecture alternatives that are complementary to and interoperable with North Atlantic Treaty Organization systems and other theaters around the world and improve the System`s performance -Establish technical roadmaps for future defense capabilities -Evaluate mature capabilities using Engineering and Manufacturing Readiness Level assessments to analyze risks in advance of manufacturing processes -Develop anti-tamper approaches to enable international fielding of the Ballistic Missile Defense System Products: Fundamental to the System Engineering and Integration (SE&I) approach is development, coordination, and dissemination of fully vetted products at each stage of the SE&I process. These products document and communicate key information such as: technical goals and objectives, design trades and resulting decisions to update system design and interface requirements; integration plans and schedules; test objectives that include the collection of data needed to anchor the system representative models and simulations and enable independent verification and validation; assessment through ground and flight test results and fielding plans. Ballistic Missile Defense Systems Engineering provides significant and thorough guidance through the Ballistic Missile Defense System Description Document (BMD SDD) and Ballistic Missile Defense System Specifications (BMD SS) for Elements to design, build, and integrate the Ballistic Missile Defense System. The Ballistic Missile Defense System Interface Control Documents (SICDs), the Modeling and Simulation Master Plan (MSMP), and the Master Integration Plan (MIP) provide additional guidance to the Ballistic Missile Defense System Elements and Components. The system engineering process defines required system-wide behavior, validates Element system designs, and assesses and verifies system capabilities in 5 stages: 1) Future concepts and planning; 2) Requirements and Design; 3) Integrated Master Test Plan (IMTP) Engineering; 4) Integration; and 5) Verification and Assessment. Additional engineering efforts which cross multiple stages of the system engineering process include the Countermeasures/Counter-countermeasures (CM/CCM), Threat Systems Engineering, Engineering Analysis and Quick Response Team, and Anti-Tamper, International Engineering, and Engineering Manufacturing Readiness Levels Development programs. This process occurs in a collaborative environment in close partnership with key stakeholders such as the Element developers, Combatant Commands, and international partners. Systems Engineering and Integration further collaborates with the Director for Operations on the system content and activities described in the Ballistic Missile Defense System Single Acquisition Master Plan (SAMP). The Ballistic Missile Defense System Future Concepts directorate conducts the first step stage of the System Engineering and Integration process and directs the enterprise-wide lethality program, which ensures lethality, post-engagement assessment (miss/hit/kill assessment), collateral effects (such as debris) and consequences (identified for use by other agencies to determine management/mitigation strategies) are accounted for throughout the engineering process. The Design and Specification directorate performs the second step of the engineering process using data developed during the planning process and collaborates with the Ballistic Missile Defense System Element and Component engineers to develop functional performance, interface, and design suitability requirements. Design and Specification activities culminate in System/Subsystem Requirements Reviews to ensure correct technical execution and understanding needed to realize the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA) and increase the flexibility and capability of the Ballistic Missile Defense System. Integration and Assessment conducts the third, fourth, and fifth stages of the Systems Engineering and Integration process to prove that Missile Defense works: 3) horizontal integration of software and hardware; 4) test integration, verification and model validation; and 5) operational assessments with the Warfighter to facilitate fielding. During horizontal integration, Systems Engineering and Integration builds a time-phased Master Integration Plan and defines model data validation requirements that form the basis of the required test program in the Integrated Master Test Plan (IMTP) and Ballistic Missile Defense System Level Testing. During test integration, verification, and model validation, engineering studies and analyses enable the allocation of test requirements to individual test events, design of test architectures, definition of target requirements, and generation of appropriate scenarios for ground and flight tests, in order to collect the required model validation data. Along with the support of the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation (DOT&E), System Engineering and Integration works with the Services` Operational Test Agencies (OTA) to incorporate operational test requirements under development to ensure the incremental capability being transferred to the Warfighter will be operationally effective, suitable, and survivable. System Engineering and Integration participates in test failure review boards, identifies shortfalls in data collection, and reallocates objectives to future test events until all identified model validation data is collected. Suitability data is collected through the Joint Reliability and Maintainability Engineering Team (JRMET) and quarterly data scoring boards with the Elements, to Warfighter commanders and increases the confidence levels in the predicted performance of the Ballistic Missile Defense System. BMDS Test Incident Reports document abnormal system behavior that occurs during System-level tests and alert MDA to issues with test article reliability. The Failure Reporting, Analysis, and Corrective Action System (FRACAS) provides a framework to investigate System test failures and identify solutions that will ultimately improve BMDS reliability. Finally, System Engineering and Integration uses a compilation of flight tests, ground tests, performance assessments and other analyses to perform a technical assessment of the incrementally delivered capability. This assessment activity links the Warfighter community and the Systems Engineering team, and provides sustaining engineering and analysis for configuration management, operations, and sustainment of Ballistic Missile Defense System capabilities. Additional Systems Engineering and Integration efforts include the Countermeasures/Counter-countermeasures (CM/CCM) program, Threat Systems Engineering, Engineering Analysis/Quick Response Team support, and Technology Protection and Standards support. The Countermeasures/Counter-countermeasures program conducts tailored system engineering to facilitate Ballistic Missile Defense System capability improvement and works collaboratively with the Threat Systems Engineering team to synchronize and integrate adversary capability development efforts. Within the Countermeasures/Counter-countermeasures program, a Blue Team, comprised of Ballistic Missile Defense System, element, and Component technical experts, a White Team comprised of senior experts, and a Black Team comprised of adversary/conceptual countermeasures experts assessed Ballistic Missile Defense System performance and risk, identified mitigation approaches, and recommended priorities for MDA investments in counter-countermeasures. This effort concluded in FY 2011. The Threat Systems Engineering team specifies adversary missile capabilities, defines parametric threat space, develops real world test scenarios, establishes system level and common and consistent threat data to support all five stages of the system engineering process, and provides threat input to key system engineering products. Threat Systems engineering products directly support the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA) and International Cooperative Programs such as the enhanced Israeli Interceptor program, US-Japan Cooperative Program, and other North Atlantic Treaty Organization cooperative programs. The Engineering Analysis and Quick Response Team provides force-on-force effectiveness analyses, identifies system level gaps and shortfalls, formulates system alternatives and their relative contributions, conducts engineering trade studies, provides Warfighter/war game analysis support, responds to Warfighter BMDS operational questions and builds rapid responses to senior Department (MDA Director/Deputy Director, Defense Secretary) and external (State Department, National Security Council) questions and scenarios. The team produces analyses for each stage of the systems engineering process, provides the technical basis and rationale for developing and balancing the integrated, layered Ballistic Missile Defense System, as well as performance predictions for each phase of the Phased Adaptive Approach. The BMDS Engineering Technology Protection and Standards includes Ballistic Missile Defense System, Anti-Tamper, and Engineering Manufacturing Readiness Level (EMRL) effort. The Ballistic Missile Defense System Anti-Tamper program provides protection against reverse engineering of Ballistic Missile Defense System critical technologies, supports coalition warfare, and extends the effective operational life of the Ballistic Missile Defense System. The Engineering and Manufacturing Readiness Levels effort provides a means of evaluating the maturity of the Ballistic Missile Defense System elements, systems, and components, by assessing the program or product against quantifiable criteria. BMDS Level Testing: In conjunction with the Director for Test, the Director for Engineering supplies test objectives that define the basic test development and ensure BMDS requirements are being met by the BMD System under test. Systems Engineering plays a key role in Ballistic Missile Defense test design and development through definition and tracking of the Critical Engagement Conditions (CECs) and Empirical Measurement Events (EMEs), as documented in the Integrated Master Test Plan (IMTP). The CECs and EMEs ensure that the design of the BMDS test includes data collection to show proper system operation; they also provide validation, verification, and assessment data for the digital models and simulations used to predict Ballistic Missile Defense System performance. These models and simulations, along with the rigorous test and verification process, will be used to demonstrate BMDS performance in areas where no live-fire-testing is performed and provide direct support to the fielding decisions and BMDS deployed operations. System Pre- and Post-Flight Reconstruction: System Engineering and Integration (SE&I) supports System Pre-Flight predictions for system level flight tests using the test framework set up with the Ballistic Missile Defense System configuration for a particular flight test. This provides confidence in Flight Test execution by predicting BMDS performance and exercising element interfaces. This work also ensures the flight test will collect the required data (including CECs and EMEs) and the data management plan will support System Post-Flight Reconstruction (SPFR) objectives. System Post-Flight Reconstruction uses a hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) and/or a Digital Modeling and Simulation Environment to replicate the day of flight for the Ballistic Missile Defense System configuration, including the actual environmental conditions and target dynamics observed in the test. The results of this process increase confidence in the models and simulations by anchoring the results to the real world event, with emphasis on the Critical Engagement Conditions and Empirical Measurement Events. System Post-Flight Reconstruction is used for validation (anchoring) of the BMDS models and simulations. Interdependencies: Integrated ballistic missile defense capabilities draw on space-, land-, and sea-based assets operated by multiple Services to provide the most accurate track of enemy ballistic missile threats that may cross regions and fly higher and faster, as well as a more diverse and effective set of weapons and sensors for the Combatant Commander to defeat the attack; all connected by a unifying Command and Control Battle Management and Communications (C2BMC). Integrated Ballistic Missile Defense capabilities can result in an effort funded in one Program Element being critical to the success of efforts in other Program Elements. Such results are referred to as interdependencies. Throughout the budget justification material, System Engineering`s interdependencies with the MDA directorates and the Ballistic Missile Defense System Elements and Components are highlighted in order to explain fully the relationship between different parts of the proposed program.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Project
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2013
- Source ID
- MD24_0603890C_4_0400_PB_2013
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