Large-scale Neural Circuits Underlying Skilled Task Performance

Abstract

Performing a skilled sensorimotor task requires coordinated flow of neural activity across multiple brain regions, from sensory processing to decision-making to motor output. However, studies of task learning and performance at the neural level are traditionally performed in one region at a time, precluding insight into how appropriate encoding and control of information flow in the brain is achieved, despite the clear importance for improving task performance. In this proposal, they will use these tools to investigate two aspects of task performance ~ how does information flow through cortex change with learning of a task,and how is information flow impeded during periods of poor performance? For each of these aims, they will initially characterize the large-scale network dynamics using widefield imaging of neural activity across cortex during task acquisition and performance. They will then ~zoom in~ on key regions to image activity in ensembles of several hundred neurons simultaneously, and use novel analysis methods to extract dynamic patterns of activation. Finally, they will use optogenetic manipulation of putative control circuits to causally test their role in acquiring and maintaining optimalperformance.In previous results, they used optogenetic stimulation to show that motor activity enhances visual processing through a specific cholinergic pathway, providing a coupling between task engagement and sensory perception. They have now developed methods to study and manipulate neural activity in the mouse cortex, from the level of individual neurons to brain-wide circuits, during learning and performance of complex perceptual and cognitive tasks.

Document Details

Document Type
DoD Grant Award
Publication Date
Nov 23, 2016
Source ID
N000141613154

Entities

People

  • Cristopher M Niell

Organizations

  • Office of Naval Research
  • United States Navy
  • University of Oregon

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Brain and Cognitive Science; Experimental Psychology; Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computer Vision.
  • Team-Based Human-Centered Cognitive Task Decision Making and Information Performance.