Lipid composition and nitrogen solubility of the spinal cord and brain: comparisons between diving and terrestrial mammals to provide insight into Type II DCS

Abstract

We are interested in determining whether animals routinely adapted for diving might suffer from Type II DCS (decompression sickness). Type II DCS is a severe form of decompression sickness in which bubble formation due to rapid efflux of gas from tissuesoccurs in" the spinal cord. Type II DCS can have serious implications for human divers, including loss of limb function, loss of lower body se""nsation, inability to walk, or loss of bladder and gastro intestinal control; all of these conditions can be permanent. There is alr""eady evidence that marine mammals show symptoms of more common (non-CNS) decompression sickness, as gas and fat emboli have been fou"nd in the organs andacoustic fats of beaked whales that stranded in association with naval sonar activities ~these have been described as being consistent with acute DCS. Therefore despite adaptations to reduce the interaction between the blood stream and other t"issues (alveolar collapse, reduced peripheral circulation) during a dive, and during the vulnerable ascent phase when pressure is de""creasing and gas may come out of solution, marine mammals are vulnerable to bubble formation. However nothing is known about whether" they may also be susceptible to Type II DCS.

Document Details

Document Type
DoD Grant Award
Publication Date
Sep 29, 2017
Source ID
N000141712997

Entities

People

  • Heather N Koopman

Organizations

  • Office of Naval Research
  • United States Navy
  • University of North Carolina Wilmington

Tags

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Gulf War Illness and Chronic Multisymptom Illness in Veterans.
  • Marine Mammal Biology
  • Underwater engineering and Marine Technology.