Peridynamic Modeling Development for High Velocity Weather Encounter Damage
Abstract
Adverse weather encounters (hydrometeroids - rain, ice; solid particulates - sand, dust, volcanic ash; aerosols) can result in damage to the surfaces of hypersonic vehicles and degrade their aerothermodynamic performance. Deployed high-speed aerospace vehicles will experience adverse weather encounters, especially impact by water droplets. The transient impact force exerted by the water droplet results in damage to the target surface. This damage may depend on the shape of the drop at the time of impact, which changes when it passes through the vehicles bow shock. Depending on the impact velocity, angle of obliquity, and other conditions, the drop impact may introduce significant damage. Many drop impacts occur near any position on the surface when the vehicle passes through rain. In addition to rain, at high altitudes (20+ km), smaller particulates may be a major source of impact damage. 10 micrometer particulates are predicted to generate damage that may alter the aerodynamics of the vehicle. In order to develop a fundamental understanding of impact damage and the resulting material failure and erosion due to weather encounters at hypersonic flight conditions, the important elements of the physics of the problem must be included in the computational simulation approaches. The goal of this project is to develop a general purpose, computational analysis capability for impact damage due to atmospheric encounters under hypersonic flow conditions. The proposed work will utilize and develop methodologies within the framework of peridynamics. Peridynamics is a generalization of the standard equations of continuum mechanics that is compatible with the mathematical discontinuities in growing cracks. In this study, we will use a meshless discretization of the peridynamic equations. This approach offers a combination of advantages for this application: (1) It avoids mesh tangling and distortion, since it is meshless. (2) It allows arbitrary changes in the connectivity of the nodes, enabling the raindrop to disintegrate and target material to be ejected. (3) It is designed to model damage model. (4) It allows all the standard shock physics equations, including thermodynamics and equations of state. (5) Any mate use Sandias Emu code, which we have extensive experience with and a working relationship with the Sandia developer. Based on the unique combination of challenges for a computation model for the weather encounter application, we propose to apply a 3D peridynamic approach that is capable of accurately representing the physical conditions of drop impact on deformable targets. We anticipate that this approach will be able to describe the mechanical loading and heat transfer at the surface. The material response of both the projectile and target will follow the appropriate physics (shock physics or continuum mechanics), depending on the local conditions with ability to transitions from one to the other. The approach will predict modified surface profiles, material removal and 3D fracture morphologies due to impact events. The project will demonstrate the capabilities of the new approach on case studies involving multiple impacts, responses of target materials with and without protective coatings, and responses of damaged target surfaces when subjected to extreme flow and thermal conditions. The peridynamiational fluid dynamics codes is an option for future development. This feature will enable taking impact conditions predicted by the computational fluid dynamics code as an input. It will also enable the modeling of the effect of damage to the surface on the aerodynamics of the flight vehicle.
Document Details
- Document Type
- DoD Grant Award
- Publication Date
- Feb 02, 2021
- Source ID
- N000142112146
Entities
People
- Ibrahim Guven
Organizations
- Office of Naval Research
- United States Navy
- Virginia Commonwealth University