Li-ion Battery Safety Systems: In situ/Multi-mode Calorimetry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscop
Abstract
Li-ion Battery Safety Systems: In situ/Multi-mode Calorimetry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, and Critical Temperature Cycl,ing Vilas G. Pol Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, Indiana, USA Purdue University hopes to acquire a uniqu,e combination of multiple-mode coin cell calorimeter integrated with an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) capable battery, cycler, and a low-temperature oven that will be specifically used to study safety and performance behavior on lithium-ion coin cel,ls and relate to larger format cells, directly supporting DoDs initiative in advanced lithium ion battery (LIB) safety technologies, for transition into defense systems and commercial markets. By obtaining a more fundamental understanding of battery failure mechan,isms with the proposed analysis equipment, a fully functional and safe LIB that can operate in extreme operating temperatures (40C, to 60C) often experienced by Navy and Marine Corps missions will be developed. Purdue University researchers with current NEPTUNE, and DURA programs and with Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Crane Division and Philadelphia Division collaborations aim to suppo,rt Office of Naval Researchs (ONR) goals in achieving safe, high-energy dense and reliable LIBs that provide energy storage securit,y through prevention, detection, and control of LIB failure and thermal runaway events. The DURIP funding will provide necessary equ,ipment to develop a state-of-the-art system on Purdue campus to enable better understanding of how lithium plating leads to dendriti,c growth and the thickening of the reactive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode, and how operating temperature affects e,lectrolyte breakdown and initiates thermal runaway. Specifically, the instruments will be used as follows: 1) Nexus MMC 274 Multi-mo,de calorimetry will enable in-situ calorimetric studies of full cells versus individual battery components to holistically understan,d how battery chemistry and cycling conditions affect exothermic behavior, and by extension, thermal runaway. --Measuring the heat s,ignatures of coin cells during cycling provides insight as to the underlying processes and provides a quantitative method to compare, changes in chemistry beyond current and voltage measurements, which can be correlated; 2) The Arbin Multi-Channel Potentiostat/Galv,anostat (MSTAT) system, designed for high performance electrochemical research, combined with Gamry Interface 1010-E potentiost at w,ill be used to perform a variety of measurement techniques such as in-situ EIS, and pulse and cyclic voltammetry while the battery o, characteristics with results from multi-mode calorimetry. Furthermore, the reduction in resistance occurring as a result of lithium, dendrite formation on the anode surface can be observed and correlat, increase cell impedance and promotes lithium plating while high temperatures tend to destabilize the electrolyte and SEI, the propo,sed temperature-controlled ESPEC oven can be interfaced with the Arbin/Gamry battery cycler to control the temperature and study the,se phenomena. This equipment will provide opportunities to educate students and veterans through research and development in LIB imp,ortant to DoD missions. Finally, the project will leverage research conducted by DoD scientists and engineers to prepare the next ge,neration Navy, DoD, DoE, and NASA workforce by educating and training students from ROTC, active and retired military (veterans, USM,C Cadets, USAFA Cadets, USNA Midshipmen) with laboratory and internship opportunities. Approved for Public Release
Document Details
- Document Type
- DoD Grant Award
- Publication Date
- Jul 08, 2022
- Source ID
- N000142212333
Entities
People
- Vilas G Pol
Organizations
- Office of Naval Research
- Purdue University
- United States Navy