Design and Manufacture of Metallic Gradient Materials
Abstract
Increasingly, advanced manufacturing (especially additive manufacturing) makes possible the manufacture of parts whose materials states are, by design, heterogeneous and anisotropic. At their full (future) technical maturity, the heterogeneous and anisotropic nature of these graded materials can be related to more than one of the following materials state attributes: composition, microstructure (i.e., size, fraction, morphology of phases and grains), defect structure (i.e., porosity residual stress), and the attending properties (i.e., mechanical, magnetic, electrical, thermal) and performance in various environments during service. As envisaged, suchmaterials would have their properties and performance be designed, affected, and measured spatially, both in-situ and ex-situ (e.g., NDE).Broadly, in the future, engineers will have the potential to: (i) select materials based upon desirable attributes/propertiesat the micro/meso-scale; (ii) affect which materials are extant spatially at the meso/macro-scale; (iii) affect their euclidean/eulerian attributes and topological connectivity; and (iii) and verify the material produced state matches that of the design. The realization of such bespoke control of the materials state is likely to have profound impacts on the Department of Defense specificallyand the US manufacturing sector more broadly. For example, gradients may be used as an intentional countermeasure in the design and specification of materials. Similarly, it is generally widely recognized that functionally graded, unitized structures are likely to result in savings to component/system weight.While inspiring, the visions of this future state will be realized through the development of a framework to design and produce these materials. This framework, which will in turn rely on basic science into the development of theory, data, and models, will include understanding, so as to control, the: (i) manufacturing processing routes; (ii) geometric topology; and, (iii) materials states extant and their connectivity/topology/correlations. Work is required to understand all three (manufacturing, geometry, materials states) and the competitions/correlations among them. This proposal describes an initial basic science effort on a well-defined scope-of-work that seek to understand these correlations.
Document Details
- Document Type
- DoD Grant Award
- Publication Date
- Jul 24, 2023
- Source ID
- N000142312721
Entities
People
- Peter C. Collins
Organizations
- Iowa State University
- Office of Naval Research
- United States Navy