Integrated Power Systems (IPS)

Abstract

This Project Unit includes the development and risk reduction of advanced surface ship Hull, Mechanical, and Electrical (HM&E) components and systems, primarily power and energy systems, for all future ships and back-fit ships where appropriate as well as HM&E cyber security. Specific sub-projects include: DDG(X) power and propulsion risk mitigation demonstration sub-project will be used to de-risk the DDG(X) Integrated Power System (IPS) and satisfy the FY 2020 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) Section 131 requirements for land-based testing of propulsion systems in a realistic environment and FY 2022 NDAA Section 221 requirement for a land-based test program for the engineering plant prior to DDG(X) construction start. In an IPS, all engines generate electric power, which can then be distributed to both the propulsion system and the ship's service electrical systems (radars and sensors, weapons systems, etc.). This flexibility allows the same propulsion and electric plant requirements to be met with fewer total engines. With an IPS, the most efficient combination of engines (diesel or gas turbine) can be placed online to supply the total electric power required for the combined propulsion and ship's service loads, which provides for greater fuel efficiency in comparison to a mechanically driven ship propulsion system. In comparison to a mechanically driven ship propulsion system (DDG 51), the DDG (X) IPS facilitates a 50% increase in range, 25% increase in fuel efficiency, and 120% increase in Time on Station. The ship agnostic Integrated Power and Energy System Test Facility (ITF) is being transitioned into the DDG(X) Integrated Power System (IPS) Land Based Test Site (LBTS). This approach capitalizes on past Navy investments in modeling and simulation, hardware procurement, integration, and lessons learned. The IPS hardware development and procurement and Land Based Test Site (LBTS) integration and test efforts executed under this PE / PU are informed by DDG (X) Ship Design specifications developed under PE 0603564N / PU 0411. IPS test findings will be incorporated in final specifications and design products, developed under PE 0603564N / PU 0411, ensuring that the ship can accommodate the space, weight, power, cooling (SWAP-C) required by the IPS and that the IPS can meet DDG(X) power and energy requirements. The interdependency of DDG(X) design and IPS risk reduction is critical. This sub-project will employ a four-phased testing and risk reduction approach (updated to align with FY 2020 and FY 2022 NDAA land based testing requirements) to build assurance that the DDG(X) IPS system can be installed and activated efficiently by the shipbuilder with performance characteristics that are well understood. - Phase 1 (IPS Modeling & Simulation (M&S)), commenced in FY 2021, establishes a description of the components and system non-real-time models that are needed for the DDG(X) IPS digital engineering effort to provide performance feedback to DDG(X) IPS design and specification. Persistent digital engineering efforts initiated as part of Phase 1 extend through the life of the DDG(X) program. - Phase 2 (Land Based Test Site), commenced in FY 2021, initially employs refined digital models and scaled integrated surrogate components that functionally represent the intended DDG(X) IPS and transitions to full scale testing by procurement, integration and test of DDG(X) specific major long lead hardware components. - Phase 3 (Land Based Engineering Site) builds a tactical representation of the DDG(X) shipboard power and propulsion system based on the DDG(X) full scale hardware procured in phase 2. The LBES will be an enduring activity over the life of the ship and provides capability to perform performance & endurance testing of the IPS. Phases 2 and 3 are being conducted primarily by Naval Surface Warfare Center Philadelphia Division (NSWCPD) in tightly coupled coordination with Florida State University Center for Advanced Power Systems (FSU CAPS) digital engineering efforts. - Phase 4 (Shipboard Test & Activation), funded by future DDG(X) Ship Construction Navy (SCN), conducts shipboard integration testing of the power and propulsion system with other ship systems to confirm performance as specified in the contract requirements and interoperability at the platform level. Naval Power and Energy Systems developments and transitions including power generation, power conversion, power distribution, energy storage, power utilization and automation and control functions for fully integrated electric propulsion (such as T-AKE -1 class or DDG 1000 class), hybrid electric propulsion (such as LHD 8 and LHA(R) class), as well as legacy mechanical propulsion ships (such as DDG 51 class). Naval Power and Energy Systems sub-project supports optimized integration of naval warship power and energy systems to support Directed Energy (DE) and other high powered mission systems, ship power quality requirements including frequency and voltage control for AC systems, Directed Energy (DE) and other high powered mission systems, appropriate component and system controls, integration of components and systems into future and current ships, and providing power and energy system solution alternatives to new and existing platforms. Existing ships' power systems require optimized integration via energy storage and advanced controls techniques to withstand the effects of DE and other high powered mission systems and avoid negative impacts to power generating equipment (diesel/gas turbine engines and generators). - Power & Energy System developments are aligned with the Navy's 30 year shipbuilding plan and the Chief of Naval Operations Surface Capability Evolution Plan via the Naval Power and Energy Systems Technology Development Roadmap (TDR), which outlines the way ahead for future developments and provides a basis for coordinated planning and investment by the Navy and private industry. - The power and energy systems developed by this Project are the power and energy foundation of the ships kill chain, and are developed with efficiency requirements as part of total life cycle cost minimization. Efforts within Power and Energy Systems are to design, develop, test and integrate shipboard power systems to incorporate advanced sensors, directed energy and other advanced weapons. Design and testing includes modeling and simulation, as well as land based testing, to reduce risk and demonstrate readiness for shipboard use. HM&E Cyber security develops and tests various cyber security hardware that monitors the HM&E network and system communications to detect and deter potential cyber attacks. HM&E cyber security hardware will transition to appropriate back-fit and forward fit ship installations, as appropriate, once development and testing completes. The Cyber funding also supports using cyber analysis tools to identify potential vulnerabilities in HM&E enclave architectures, hardware components, and software for applicable surface ships. HM&E cyber security and analysis was previously referred to as Situational Awareness, Boundary Enforcement & Response (SABER) and is being renamed to more clearly identify the specific work scope within this PE which includes both SABER prototype HW development and HM&E cyber analyses.

Document Details

• Document Type: Project
• Publication Date: Oct 01, 2023
• Source ID: 2471_0603573N_4_1319_PB_2023

Tags

Fields of Study

• Engineering

Readers

• Electrical Engineering
• Naval Mine Countermeasure Systems Development.

Technology Areas

• Cyber
• Directed Energy
• Space
• Space - Hall-Effect Thruster