Thermal Creep Force: Analysis And Application

Abstract

The existence of two motive forces on a Crookes radiometer has complicated the investigation of either force independently. The thermal creep shear force, in particular, has been subject to differing interpretations of the direction in which it acts and its order of magnitude. A horizontal vane radiometer design is provided, which isolates the thermal creep shear force. The horizontal vane radiometer is explored through experiment, kinetic theory, and the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The qualitative agreement between the three methods of investigation is good. The quantitative agreement between the three methods of investigation is better than an order of magnitude in the cases examined. The thermal creep force is found to act from the hot side to the cold side of the vane. The peak in the radiometer's angular speed as a function of pressure is found to be explained as much by the behavior of the drag force as by the behavior of the thermal creep force. In addition, this dissertation provides scaling laws between millimeter-scale and micron-scale horizontal vane radiometers, a design of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) horizontal vane radiometer, and conceptual designs of two MEMS energy harvesting devices that exploit the thermal creep force.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2016
Accession Number
AD1026869

Entities

People

  • David M. Wolfe

Organizations

  • Naval Postgraduate School

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Barometric Pressure
  • Energy
  • Energy Harvesting
  • Equations
  • Fabrication
  • Heat Transfer
  • Kinetic Theory
  • Mean Free Path
  • Microelectromechanical Systems
  • Momentum
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Reynolds Number
  • Simulations
  • Temperature Gradients
  • Thermal Conductivity
  • Theses
  • United States Naval Academy

Readers

  • Aerodynamics.
  • Atmospheric Remote Sensing.
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics