beta-Aminoalcohols as Potential Reactivators of Aged Sarin-/Soman-Inhibited Acetylcholinesterase

Abstract

Organophosphate nerve agents inhibit the enzyme acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), which is involved in nerve signal transduction, by forming covalent adducts with its catalytic serine residue. AChE adducts with soman and sarin nerve agents undergo dealkylation, a process known as aging, within a few minutes and a few hours, respectively. This transformation is detrimental because it precludes reactivation of AChE with known oxime-based antidotes. Here, we designed a beta-aminoalcohol molecule for aged AChE reactivation, using a multi-tiered computational approach. This approach includes high-quality quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations, providing reliable reactivation steps and energetics. The calculations suggest that the designed beta-aminoalcohol can selectively reactivate aged sarin-/soman-inhibited AChE. Furthermore, unlike existing antidotes, the designed beta-aminoalcohol lacks a permanent change, making it potentially active in the central nervous system. The mechanistic insights of this study can help guide the development of new AChE reactivators with improved access to the central nervous system.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 08, 2017
Accession Number
AD1034446

Entities

People

  • Anders Wallqvist
  • Ilja V. Khavrutskii

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acetylcholinesterases
  • Alkylating Agents
  • Amines
  • Biochemistry
  • Blood-Brain Barrier
  • Brain
  • Central Nervous System
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Department Of Defense
  • Molecules
  • Nerve Agents
  • Nervous System
  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Small Molecules
  • United States

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Neurotoxicology
  • Quantum Chemistry

Technology Areas

  • Quantum Computing