Simulation, Design, and Test of Square, Apodized Photon Sieves for High Contrast, Exoplanet Imaging

Abstract

A photon sieve is a lightweight, difrractive optic which is well-suited to be a deployable primary for a space telescope. Point spread functions (PSFs) can be altered by shaping and apodizing an aperture, and a PSF that drops rapidly from the peak is desirable for high-contrast imaging. For this reason, square apodized photon sieves were simulated, designed, and tested for high-contrast performance and use in an exoplanet imaging telescope. These sieves were shown to outperform conventional optics and unapodized sieves forhigh-contrast imaging in a number of tests. New methods were developed for apodizing sieves, measuring PSFs, and characterizing high-contrast performance. Tests indicated that square apodized sieves could detect exoplanets with irradiance below 10(exp-3.69) of the star's PSF peak within ten difraction limits of separation. This was not sucient for directly imaging earth-like exoplanets, but will be useful for other high-contrast applications. The Fresnel diffraction simulation conducted for the sieves was shown to agree closely with the experimental results. The ability to accurately apply apodizations and conduct simulations for photon sieves, measure PSFs across an extreme dynamic range, and conduct high-contrast imaging performance analyses will drive new PSF design and be useful for future high-contrast imaging work.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 24, 2016
Accession Number
AD1054490

Entities

People

  • Thomas W Dickinson

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Charge Coupled Devices
  • Department Of Defense
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Dynamic Range
  • Electron Beam Lithography
  • Engineering
  • Fabrication
  • Fresnel Zones
  • Geometry
  • Governments
  • Light Sources
  • Measurement
  • Optics
  • Two Dimensional
  • United States Government

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Applied Combinatorial Optimization and Logic Circuit Design.
  • Astronomy/Astrophysics
  • Optical Physics and Photonics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Space Objects