A Study of Tropospheric Refractive Index, Temperature, Humidity, and Velocity Fields Using Electromagnetic and Acoustic Wave Propagation Methods Supported by 'in situ' Measurements,

Abstract

Paper 1 summarizes the potentials of different electromagnetic and acoustic wave propagation experiments as diagnostic tools in the study of the refractive-index, temperature, humidity and velocity fields in the troposphere. Papers 2 and 3 discuss measurements of horizontal wind velocity using optical line-of-sight propagation techniques. Paper 2 deals with measurements of horizontal divergence while in paper 3 the spectrum of the spatial wind together with the spectrum of air-pressure are used to deduce the propagation speed and direction of progressive gravity waves in the troposphere. Paper 4 deals with the potentials of an array of vertically pointing acoustic echo sounders to study time-dependent structures, especially waves, in the boundary layer. In paper 5 a forward scatter technique (beam-swinging) is used to deduce the vertical spectra of refractive index and air velocity. The influence of atmospheric stability on these spectra is discussed. Paper 6 discusses the spatial structure of refractive index, temperature and humidity in the lowest 2000 m of the troposphere as deduced from tethered balloon measurements.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 1974
Accession Number
ADA060425

Entities

People

  • A. G. Kjelaas

Organizations

  • Norwegian Defence Research Establishment

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Sensors

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustic Propagation
  • Acoustic Waves
  • Boundary Layer
  • Convection
  • Doppler Effect
  • Frequency Bands
  • Measurement
  • Meteorology
  • Power Spectra
  • Radiosondes
  • Refractive Index
  • Sonar
  • Three Dimensional
  • Turbulence
  • Turbulent Mixing
  • Wave Propagation
  • Wind Velocity

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Oceanography.
  • Wave Propagation and Nonlinear Chaotic Dynamics.