Frictional Characteristics and Heat Transfer of Antimisting Fuels in Tubes.
Abstract
Experiments have been performed to determine the skin friction and heat transfer behavior of antimisting kerosene (AMK) in pipe flows. The additive used in the AMK was FM-9 developed by Imperial Chemical Industries. AMK has been developed as an aviation safety fuel to reduce post-crash fires. The principle aim of the present investigation was to determine the modification in flow and heat transfer behavior caused by the presence of the antimisting polymer additive in jet fuel. The present study indicates that the AMK skin friction versus Reynolds number, or Nusselt number versus Reynolds number behavior, can be divided into three regions: (1) Newtonian laminar region, (2) shear-thickening transition region, and (3) drag-reducing turbulent region. At low flow rates, AMK has Newtonian behavior, i.e., constant viscosity. At a certain critical wallshear rate which depends on the fuel temperature and additive concentration, shear thickening occurs and causes a large increase in skin friction and heat transfer rates. In the third region, the skin friction and heat transfer rates drop rapidly and fall below the predicted Newtonian flow skin friction and heat transfer values; e.g., for 0.3 percent FM-9 AMK at a temperature of 20 C, 22,000 and 10,000. Beyond these points, there is a reduction in skin friction and heat transfer rates. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 1982
- Accession Number
- ADA121476
Entities
People
- Joe Wat
- V. Sarohia
Organizations
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory