A Spatial Model of Erosion and Sedimentation on Continental Margins
Abstract
This project devised techniques to aid in predicting where and how mass movements could occur on submarine slopes, and how they would modify the seafloor. As part of a team of scientists in the ONR-sponsored STRATAFORM program, we developed: (1) quantitative methods for assessing past and present slope stability; and (2) computer models that simulate the causes and morphologic consequences of submarine slope failure as they occur over geologic time. A computer model that simulates the evolution of continental slope morphology under the interaction of sedimentation, slope failure, and sediment flow erosion has been constructed and validated. It simulates to first order how slope failures shape continental slope terrains. High-resolution bathymetric grids of five U.S. continental slopes have been constructed and analyzed. Continental slopes on passive margins are steeper than those on active margins at both regional and local length scales. Process, tectonic, and lithologic differences among the margins are identifiable in the ranges of local seafloor slopes. A coupled sedimentologic-hydrologic computer model has been developed which constrains in 1-D ranges of geologic conditions that may lead to slope failure by liquefaction, frictional sliding, and normal faulting as a consequence of transient fluid flow and the high pore pressures.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 23, 1999
- Accession Number
- ADA369103
Entities
People
- Bernard J. Coakley
- Lincoln F. Pratson
- Michael S. Steckler
Organizations
- Columbia University