Chemical Remediation of an Ordnance-Related Compound: The Alkaline Hydrolysis of CL-20. Environmental Quality Technology Program
Abstract
Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo [5.5.0.05,9.03,11] dodecane) or CL-20 has attracted attention as a possible replacement for, or inclusion in, military and space propellants and explosives. CL-20 is a polycyclic nitramine with a higher crystal density, a higher heat of formation, and a better oxidizer-to-fuel ratio than conventional nitramines used in propellants. The effective life cycle management of CL-20 requires development of knowledge and technologies related to the consequences and attributes of CL-20 that may be introduced into the environment. This research assessed the feasibility of using alkaline hydrolysis to treat water contaminated with CL-20. Two concentrations of the explosive were tested at pH values ranging from 10.0 to 13.0. Samples were taken from the batch reactor, quenched, and neutralized. One subsample was extracted and analyzed for explosives concentration using HPLC, and a second subsample was analyzed for anion content by IC. Alkaline hydrolysis proved to be an effective technique to degrade CL-20, as CL-20 was completely removed from aqueous solutions at all the pH levels evaluated. The reaction kinetics showed a strong dependence on the hydroxide ion concentration. Formate was indicated as an end product of the reaction.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 01, 2007
- Accession Number
- ADA472130
Entities
People
- Deborah R. Felt
- Jeffrey L. Davis
- Lara Santiago
Organizations
- Engineer Research and Development Center