Liquid Droplet Thrusters to Provide Constant Momentum Exchange Between Formation Flying Spacecraft

Abstract

This paper presents the results of research on a novel concept in satellite propulsion that relies on momentum transfer through projection of silicon oil droplet streams through space. The system is useful to satellites flying side-by-side in formation that require a constant distance between them in order to conduct certain missions such as interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations. The force required to maintain separation is beyond what electric thrusters can provide without using large amounts power and significant amounts of propellant. Rational for selection of the silicone oil DC705 as the best working fluid is presented. Droplet size, velocity, and spacing needed for station keeping of various satellite mass and separation distance combinations is evaluated. Droplet streams of diameters demonstrated in this study and speeds demonstrated in past research can satisfy propulsion needs of satellites with masses in excess of 1000 kg in any earth orbit. A droplet stream system requires an order of magnitude less mass than comparable electric propulsion systems and two orders of magnitude less power and is an enabling technology for side-by-side formation flying. Environmental impediments to collection of droplets transiting between satellites were analyzed and three significant obstacles identified; atmospheric drag, droplet freezing, and Lorentz forces due to droplet charging.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 2010
Accession Number
ADA521881

Entities

People

  • Andrew D. Ketsdever
  • Thomas B. Joslyn

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Charged Particles
  • Dielectrics
  • Earth Orbits
  • Electric Fields
  • Electric Propulsion
  • Electromagnetic Fields
  • Electrons
  • Environment
  • Lorentz Force
  • Materials
  • Orbits
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Quantum Yields
  • Spacecraft
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar

Readers

  • Aerospace Propulsion Engineering.
  • Combustion and Flow Dynamics.
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster
  • Space - Satellites
  • Space - Space Objects