Signal-to-Solar Clutter Calculations of AK-47 Muzzle Flash at Various Spectral Bandpass Near the Potassium D1/D2 Doublet

Abstract

An analysis was performed, using MODTRAN, to determine the best filters to use for detecting the muzzle flash of an AK-47 in daylight conditions in the desert. Filters with bandwidths of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 nanometers (nm) were analyzed to understand how the optical bandwidth affects the signal-to-solar clutter ratio. These filters were evaluated near the potassium D1 and D2 doublet emission lines that occur at 769.89 and 766.49 nm respectively that are observed where projectile propellants are used. The maximum spectral radiance, from the AK-47 muzzle flash, is 1.88 x 10-2 W/cm2 str micron, and is approximately equal to the daytime atmospheric spectral radiance. The increased emission, due to the potassium doublet lines, and decreased atmospheric transmission, due to oxygen absorption, combine to create a condition where the signal-to-solar clutter ratio is greater than 1. The 3 nm filter, has a signal-to-solar clutter ratio of 2.09 when centered at 765.37 nm and provides the best combination of both cost and signal sensitivity.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2010
Accession Number
ADA614590

Entities

People

  • Karl K. Klett Jr.

Organizations

  • United States Army Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Sensors
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Absorption
  • Atmospheric Attenuation
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Emission
  • Flashes
  • Muzzle Flash
  • Potassium
  • Radiance
  • Radiant Intensity
  • Radiation
  • Signal Processing
  • Small Arms
  • Solar Radiation
  • Spectra
  • Target Recognition
  • Weapons

Fields of Study

  • Engineering
  • Physics

Readers

  • Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Engineering.
  • Rocket Propulsion.
  • Spectroscopy.